What Are The Consequences Of Climate Change

What Are The Consequences Of Climate Change – Climate change is already having a visible impact on the world. The Earth is warming, rainfall patterns are changing, and sea levels are rising. These changes may increase the risk of heat waves, floods, droughts and fires.

A changing climate affects crop growth and human health, while many people may need to leave their homes. This places some species at increased risk of extinction. The effects of climate change are real, and they are already happening.

What Are The Consequences Of Climate Change

The level of climate change we will see depends on how fast we reduce emissions of dangerous greenhouse gases. Even if we stop all emissions today, we won’t stop some changes. However, the faster we cut emissions, the smaller the changes will be.

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We know that greenhouse gases, aerosol emissions and land use affect our climate. Overall, human activities are warming our planet.

Learn more about these and other climate change indicators on our Global Climate Dashboard and Extremes Dashboard.

In a recent report, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) showed the difference between 1.5 degrees Celsius and 2 degrees Celsius of global warming. But unless we rapidly reduce emissions, global warming is likely to exceed 2°C. By the end of this century, warming is likely to reach 4°C, possibly more.

Climate change will increase the risk of various problems worldwide. Although developed countries produce the most greenhouse gas emissions, most severe impacts are predicted in developing countries. With fewer resources to adapt to these changes, the impact on people in developing countries is expected to be greater.

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The average global temperature has risen by more than 1 degree Celsius since the 1850s. 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 and 2020 were the hottest years on record. Statistics show us that the planet has been warming since the Industrial Revolution.

This plot shows the global temperature change from 1850 to 2022 compared to the estimated 1850-1900 baseline average temperature.

A warming planet causes many other changes in our climate. As the planet warms, heat waves become more likely. For the past few years, heat waves have been the deadliest global weather threat.

The ocean absorbs 90% of the excess heat produced by human influence. However, when water is heated, it expands to take up more volume. Therefore, when the oceans warm, they also expand, causing sea levels to rise. We also have excess water flowing into the ocean from melting ice sheets and glaciers. Between 1901 and 2018, the global average sea level rose by about 20 centimeters.

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Some parts of the planet, such as the North and South Poles, warm more quickly than other places. At the poles, glaciers and ice sheets reflect energy from the sun into space. Therefore, when there is less ice, less energy from the sun is reflected away. The area then warms even faster, causing even more ice to melt.

Arctic ice is melting rapidly. It is already 65% ​​thinner than in 1975. Late summer Arctic sea ice extent is currently the smallest in at least 1,000 years. If we don’t reduce emissions soon, we could see ice-free summers in the Arctic by the middle of this century.

When ice sheets and glaciers melt, fresh water flows into the ocean. In addition to raising sea levels, freshwater also lowers the salinity (salinity) of water, which can slow or alter ocean currents.

The ocean also absorbs about 25% of the carbon dioxide that humans release into the air. The oceans then become less alkaline, a process known as ‘ocean acidification’. Ocean acidification is bad because it can adversely affect marine life, such as corals and plankton, which are an important part of the food chain.

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**Marvel et al 2019 provides new evidence of increased droughts in some regions during specific periods since 1900 (aerosols likely mask the trend when it is not detected), and that this is linked to climate change. is

Warmer air can hold more water, so average rainfall around the world is increasing. In some places, the rain is also getting heavier. However, some areas receive less rain due to changes in wind patterns.

We are already experiencing the effects of a changing climate. Rising sea levels cause problems for people around the world. 4 in 10 people (39%) live within 100 km of the coast and are at risk of flooding if sea levels continue to rise. Of these, 600 million people live in ‘low-lying coastal areas’, and 200 million live in coastal floodplains.

Even if we cut emissions, sea levels will continue to rise until the year 2100 (see the Sea Level Dashboard for more information on these projections). But, if we reduce emissions enough, we can slow the rate of growth. Many people will have to leave their homes, but the numbers depend on how we act, reducing global emissions and improving flood protection.

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Floods can also occur when heavy rains overwhelm drainage systems or burst river banks. In heavily concreted urban areas and cities, the impact is more severe because water cannot sink directly into the soil. Flooding causes extensive damage to buildings and traffic, which can be very expensive and difficult to repair.

As our climate warms and rainfall patterns change, it may be difficult to grow enough food in some areas. The weather will change what crops can grow in different areas. New crops may be grown in some places, but crop production will decline in many places, especially in the tropics.

Colder countries are likely to see higher yields because there will be a longer growing season and higher concentrations of carbon dioxide. However, these effects may not last if the heat continues over a long period of time. More extreme weather events can disrupt access to food, affect transport from farms to shops, which can affect vulnerable people.

As you can see, climate change has many impacts, and they affect people around the world in different ways. The level of influence depends on the climate of the region and the wealth of the country. The effects of climate change are ‘stress multipliers’, meaning they often make existing problems more acute.

Human Health Impacts Of Climate Change

Let’s look at heat waves, for example. We expect most areas to experience more intense heat waves. In countries that are already hot, human heat stress limits will be exceeded more often, which is dangerous.

As another example, increased flooding is another threat. Countries that regularly flood, such as Bangladesh, are expected to flood even more regularly, which could put other communities at risk.

If our climate continues to change, many parts of the world will become more challenging places to live. People may have to leave their homes. Climate is one of many factors that influence human migration, but it will play an increasing role in the future.

Climate change is causing heatwaves across the UK. The ten warmest years on record for the UK have occurred since 2002. Heat waves, such as the summer of 2018, are now 30 times more likely to be caused by climate change.

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UK winters are expected to be moderately warm and wet, although cold or dry winters will still occur occasionally. Summers are projected to be hotter and drier, although wet summers are also possible. By 2050, the heat waves seen in 2018 are expected to occur every other year.

Heavy rain is also likely. Since 1998, the UK has seen six of the ten wettest years on record. The likelihood of winter storms in 2015 was at least 40% higher due to climate change.

This tool is a collaboration with the BBC. It uses our climate projections and records to visualize climate change in the UK.

Even if we cut greenhouse gas emissions, sea levels around the UK will continue to rise beyond 2100. Parts of the UK will be at risk of flooding, with low-lying and coastal cities at particular risk.

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Agriculture in the UK will also be affected by climate change. Warmer climates and higher CO2 levels may make certain crops easier to grow, or even allow us to grow new ones. However, with more drought expected, access to water may not be easy, making it difficult for farmers to plan the growing season. Some of the crops we grow today can even adapt to higher temperatures.

Floods, hurricanes, and extreme heat can damage buildings, disrupt transportation, and affect health. Buildings and infrastructure need to be adapted to cope with new conditions. Businesses have to plan around the changing environment. To help the UK understand what climate change means for the country, the UK Climate Change Risk Assessment is published every 5 years. Further details of future conditions for the UK are available in UK Climate Projections (UKCP18).

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As our global atmosphere warms and becomes hotter and more turbulent from the burning of fossil fuels and its

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